The very first test given to your newborn, the Apgar score occurs right after your baby's birth in the delivery or birthing room. The test was designed to quickly evaluate a newborn's physical condition after delivery and to determine any immediate need for extra medical or emergency care.

Although the Apgar score was developed in 1952 by an anesthesiologist named Virginia Apgar, and named after him as APGAR test, referred to as an acronym for: Activity, Pulse, Grimace, Appearance, and Respiration. Five factors are used to evaluate the baby's condition and each factor is scored on a scale of 0 to 2, with 2 being the best score.

The APGAR score is usually taken twice. After you have a baby the doctor will give her an evaluation one minute after birth and again at five minutes after birth. The doctor will look at the general overall condition of the baby and check 5 characteristics: color, respiration, heart rate, muscle tone and reflexes. The one minute score will indicate how well your baby experienced the birthing process. If the score is high this will indicate that your baby should be fine during the postpartum process. A low score could indicate that your baby is at risk and will need further evaluations and extra care. The second score your baby gets five minutes after birth indicates how well your baby is handling life outside of the womb. Rarely, if there are concerns about the baby's condition and the first two scores are low, the test may be scored for a third time at 10 minutes after birth.

Doctors, midwives, or nurses add these five factors together to calculate the Apgar score. Scores obtainable are between 10 and 0, with 10 being the highest possible score.

Understanding Apgar score:

A baby who scores a 7 or above on the test at 1 minute after birth is generally considered in good health. However, a lower score doesn't necessarily mean that your baby is unhealthy or abnormal. But it may mean that your baby simply needs some special immediate care, such as suctioning of the airways or oxygen to help him or her breathe, after which your baby may improve.

At 5 minutes after birth, the Apgar score is recalculated, and if your baby's score hasn't improved to 7 or greater, or there are other concerns, the doctors and nurses may continue any necessary medical care and will closely monitor your baby. Some babies are born with heart or lung conditions or other problems that require extra medical care; others just take a little longer than usual to adjust to life outside the womb. Most newborns with initial Apgar scores of less than 7 will eventually do just fine.

It's important for new parents to keep their baby's Apgar score in perspective. The test was designed to help health care providers assess a newborn's overall physical condition so that they could quickly determine whether the baby needed immediate medical care. It was not designed to predict a baby's long-term health, behavior, intellectual status, or outcome. Few babies score a perfect 10, and perfectly healthy babies sometimes have a lower-than-usual score, especially in the first few minutes after birth.

Keep in mind that a slightly low Apgar score (especially at 1 minute) is normal for some newborns, especially those born after a high-risk pregnancy, cesarean section, or a complicated labor and delivery. Lower Apgar scores are also seen in premature babies, who usually have less muscle tone than full-term newborns and who, in many cases, will require extra monitoring and breathing assistance because of their immature lungs.

To get your baby’s Apgar score you usually have to ask the doctor or nurse. Most people do not understand what the score means and therefore the numbers are meaningless. If you understand the score, you can then ask in what areas you baby did not get the two points. You will know what areas the Doctor is concerned about.

If your doctor or midwife is concerned about your baby's score, he or she will let you know and will explain how your baby is doing, what might be causing problems, if any, and what care is being given. For the most part, though, most babies do very well, so relax and enjoy the moment!